Stages Of Language Development

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The stages of language development are essential parts of linguistics. Language plays a vital role in communicating with each other, from one country to another. Every language has its characteristics and objectives. Now the question is how language is developed in children.

A child acquires a language or mother tongue through different stages. After finishing all the stages, the child can achieve their mother tongue. Let us see the stages of language development. We mainly analyze the five stages of child language acquisition. The five stages of language development in children are demonstrated in the table below:

5 Stages of Language Development

The 5 significant stages of language development are given below:

1. Pre-linguistic Stage

The pre-linguistic stage is the core of child language acquisition. This stage begins from a child’s birth to his to her seven months. During childbirth, the baby’s vocal tract is here and there, more like a chimp than a grown-up human. Specifically, the tip of the velum reaches or covers with the tip of the epiglottis. As the newborn child develops, the tract, bit by bit, reshapes itself in the grown-up example.

In the first or two months of life, a newborn child articulates distress with crying. Some non-reflexive, non-trouble sounds are delivered with a brought down velum and a shut or almost shut mouth, giving the impression of a syllabic nasal or a nasalized vowel.

At 2 to 4 months, the newborn child starts expressing alleviation sounds. The soonest alleviation sounds, possibly snort or moans, with the later forms being vowel-like ‘coos.’ A child can laugh around three or four months later from birth.

At the age of 4 to 7 months, newborn children usually participate in ‘vocal play.’ They can produce different types of sounds, such as friction noises, nasal murmurs, etc.

2. Babbling Stage

The babbling stage starts at the age of six months of a baby. At this stage, a child can produce sounds by using their speech organs. Not only that, those children begin to make extended sounds by oral articulations into syllable-like arrangements, opening and shutting their jaws, lips, and tongue.

Children often produce fricatives, affricates, and fluids at this stage rarely. In any event, at the outset, vowels will, in general, be below and open. Sometimes they produce [bababa] or [nanana] etc.

In the Babbling stage, children produce random sounds with their speech organs. Vocal play and Babbling are produced when interacting with their parents or relatives. In this stage, a child randomly grows a variety of sounds, and sometimes these sounds partly match their mother tongue.

3. One-Word Stage

Children create or repeat single-word utterances between 9 and 18 months, known as the “one-word stage.” Children go through this stage by acting on their surroundings by touching, gripping, looking at, and manipulating the objects that are readily available to them.

By the time they reach the end of this phase, they can recall events that happened a day or more later and have a general understanding of the functions of the items.

After moving past the babbling stage and learning a lot about the function of items, children start pronouncing single words. Infants experiment with and practice many of the sounds that will eventually be combined into meaningful words by repeating syllables.

Children may acquire extensive grammatical knowledge and experience between the ages of 12 and 20 months. One-word utterances are used in place of complete phrases during this time. Children who have reached the word-word stage may use one or two sentential greetings, such as “hello,” “oh,” and “etc.”

4. Two-word Stage

The two-word stage begins when a child becomes one year or one and a half-year-old. In this stage, children pronounce from one word to two words. At the same time, children start developing their sound production capability.

In the two-word stage, children subconsciously follow some grammatical rules in their sentences. We can find some inflections at the end of the two-word stage of a child, and they can be able to describe an event by grammatical functions. This is how a child finishes their two-word stage by producing many sounds and combining them into sentences.

5. Telegraphic Stage

The age of 24 months to 30 months seems to be a child’s telegraphic stage. In this period, children start producing expressions with more than two elements, and the expressions of children are longer than two words and have meaningful characteristics.

For example, the little capacity words, too, the a, can, is, and so on, are missing; just the words that convey the primary message, the substance words are utilized. The expressions like feline stand up the table, what that, no stay here, etc., do not have the capacity words. These expressions are called the telegraphic stage.

The telegraphic stage incorporates just morphemes and words that convey essential semantic substance.

Conclusion

To sum up, we may say this is how a child develops their language. These four stages of child language development enable children to improve their mother tongue.

Sources

Dulay, H.C., & Burt, M. K. (1972). Goofing: An indication of children’s second language strategies. Language learning 22, 235-252.
Dulay, H.C., & Burt, M. K. (1974). Natural sequences in child second language acquisition. Language Learning 24, 37-53.

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Azizul Hakim

Azizul Hakim is the founder & CEO of englishfinders.com. He is a passionate writer, English instructor, and content creator. He has completed his graduation and post-graduation in English language and literature.