First vs. Second Conditional

When do you use ‘if you rain’ vs ‘if it rained’?

Notice

  • If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic. (real possibility)
  • If it rained gold, everyone would be rich. (imaginary)
  • If I study hard, I’ll pass. / If I studied harder, I would pass.

Rule

Use First Conditional for realistic future possibilities. Use Second Conditional for situations that are imaginary, unlikely, or contrary to present fact. Comparing the two side by side is the fastest way to feel the difference.

Practice

  1. If I ___ (have) wings, I would fly. (imaginary)
    Answer: had
  2. If it ___ (rain) tomorrow, we will stay in. (real possibility)
    Answer: rains
  3. If she ___ (call) me, I will answer. (real possibility)
    Answer: calls
  4. If dogs ___ (can) talk, life would be strange. (imaginary)
    Answer: could
  5. If you ___ (need) help, just ask. (real possibility)
    Answer: need

Connect

Spot which conditional fits — real or imaginary — in mixed sentences.

Try Error Correction →

CEFR: Reading — distinguish real possibilities from hypothetical ideas in a text.

Azizul Hakim
Latest posts by Azizul Hakim (see all)

Printable worksheet (PDF) Pro

PreviousNext